After the ravages of Amir Timor at Delhi and the end of Tughlaq Dynasty, Khizar Khan founded the Sayyed Dynasty in the north of India of the medieval ages. His claim to the throne was recognized by Sayyed Jalal-ud-Din, the religious chief of Bukhara. Though the historians have quoted him as the descendent of the

In the age of Mohammad Tughlaq, the Muslim empire lost its control over the area encompassed by the predecessors and the revolt raised their heads there and then which could not be countered by the feeble rulers of the Muslim empire. The Hindu Rajas of Deccan liberated themselves from the submission to the Muslim center and declared their independences challenging the supermacy

The son of general Rajab (who was the younger brother of Ghiyath-ud-Din Tughlaq) Feroz Shah Tughlaq was born in 1309 AD. Rajab Khan (his father), Abu Bakar and Shah Tughlaq came to India in the age of Ala-ud-Din Khilji and were elevated to the highest ranks in the court. Shah Tighlaq was appointed the governor of Depalpur where he came across

Born on February 24, 1304 AD Abu Abdullah Mohammad Bin Abdullah Al-Lawati Al-Tanji Ibn Batoota enjoys a special status in the pages of history for exploring the world and his literary work on traveling named Rihla (journey). Fond of Rihla, Ibn Batoota belonged to a rich family of Tangiar (Morroco) which facilitated him to

Sultan Mohammad Shah Tughlaq (1325-1351 AD) built a palace in Delhi having many doors called “Babs” (doors) and the guards kept on standing on these doors with drums beaten on the arrival of any noble to inform the king and welcome the visitor. On the first door, “Jillads” (the royal killers) were appointed to kill anyone according to the verdict of Sultan.

Jauna Khan/Alagh Khan/Fakhr Malik ascended the throne in 1325 AD in Tughlaqabad as Sultan Mohammad Shah Tughlaq after the death of his father who was crushed under the newly-built palace in Afghanpura. After the forty days of the burial of Sultan Tughlaq, Mohammad Shah, the eldest child of Sultan Tuglaq rejoiced his coronation in Delhi and started his regime which lasted for 26 years.

Reportedly, a son of the slave of Ghias-ud-Din Balban, Ghazi Malik (Sultan Ghias-ud-Din Tughlaq) came to power after eliminating the Khilji Dynasty by killing Khusrau Shah, the last weak ruler of Khiljis who hastened a plain sailing for Tughlaq. His father had married a woman of Jat clan and Ghias-ud-Din was born.

Sultan Ala-ud-Din Khilji died of Oedema in 1316 AD (according to some historians, he was poisoned by Malik Kafoor) leaving an empire which was safe and sound from the external perils and internal conflicts because of his stern and relentless policies. Being found of Alexander the Great ll, he overwhelmed the north and south of the India and executed the economic reforms making the lives of the masses easy.

Ala-ud-Din Khilji inherited an economically down trodden empire surrounded by the upheavals of Hindu and Rajputs of India while the Mongols were posing a consistent threat to his rule. It required the restructuring of the economy to uplift the conditions of the people and the state. Therefore, Sultan enacted economic reforms and a precise system of revenue all over the empire.

One of the biggest credits of Ala-ud-Din Khilji was the economic reforms which emancipated the masses from the hoarders and inflation and which were imitated by the rulers of the world. He fixed the prices of the commodities all over the empire and set up a strict supervision system to insure the availability of goods at equal prices.

The history of slaughter goes on and Ali Gurshap Khan (commonly known as Ala-ud-Din Khilji) colored his hands with the blood streaming out of the neck of his guardian, uncle, and father-in-law making it the last echelon to position himself as the next Sultan in1296 AD. The callousness of time and power takes the toll of another skull and leaves for a new journey surrounded by the ambushes, conspiracies, and the claimants to the throne.

Being ugly and unsightly from his appearance, Ghias-ud-Din Balban proved to be one of the most stringent and inflexible ruler in the history of Indo-Pakistan whose tenure introduced the policy of blood and iron to crush the upheavals of the adversaries.